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Camping/Hiking

Hiking and camping offer children valuable opportunities to explore the natural environment, develop physical fitness, and build social and emotional skills through immersive outdoor experiences. For children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), these activities can provide unique therapeutic and developmental benefits when appropriately supported. ¹

Development Skills

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Benefits

For children in general

  • Hiking and camping promote cardiovascular endurance, muscle strength, coordination, and flexibility. ²
  • Spending time in nature has been linked to lower stress hormones, improved mood, and better emotional regulation. ²
  • Navigating trails, setting up camps, and adapting to changing outdoor conditions foster critical thinking and resilience.3
  • Group hikes and shared camping responsibilities encourage cooperation, communication, and empathy among peers. ²
  • Repeated exposure to natural settings can fosters greater appreciation for the environment and biodiversity. ²

Specific benefits for autistic kids

  • Structured outdoor adventure programs have been shown to facilitate peer communication and collaboration in children with ASD.     ¹
  • Hiking and camping can provide calming sensory input, helping children regulate emotions more effectively.4
  • Hiking and camping motivate participation in physical activity, even among children who are typically less active.5
  • Outdoor tasks allow children with autism practice of life skills (e.g., self-care, safety awareness) in varied, real-world contexts.6
  • Successfully completing hikes or setting up camp among children with autism fosters self-efficacy and autonomy. ¹

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Risks

Forall kids

  • Risks include sprains, strains, blisters, and overuse injuries, especially when carrying heavy backpacks.7
  • Exposure to extreme weather, insects, and wildlife may cause harm if not properly managed.3
  • Children may underestimate hydration needs during prolonged activity. 3
  • Getting lost or straying from marked trails can pose significant safety risks.     3
  • Long or steep hikes may exceed a child’s endurance, increasing fatigue and injury risk.7

Specific risks for autistic kids

  • Unexpected sounds, textures, or smells in nature may trigger sensory overload for children with autism during hiking or outdoor related activities.4
  • Children with autism may struggle with hazard awareness, increasing injury or accident risk.6
  • Moving between activities (e.g., hiking to resting, setting up camp) may be stressful without preparation.5
  • Some autistic children may be prone to elopement behaviors, which is particularly dangerous in wilderness settings.4

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Strategies for Successful Participation
General Strategies for All Children

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  • Plan the route, check trail conditions, and leave a trip plan with someone reliable.8

  • Pack safety supplies such as a first aid kit, sunscreen, insect repellent, and adequate food and water.9

  • Wear appropriate footwear and bright, visible clothing.9

  • Stay on marked trails and establish safety rules in advance.9

  • Maintain close adult supervision at all times.9

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    Specific strategies for autistic kids and their families
    • Use images or narratives to prepare children for the sequence of hiking and camping activities.6
    • Provide noise-cancelling headphones, comfort items, or sunglasses to reduce sensory distress.4
    • Build rest stops into the itinerary to manage sensory     and physical fatigue.5
    • Use concise verbal instructions or visual cues to guide     tasks and maintain structure. ¹
    • Give each child simple, manageable responsibilities     (e.g., carrying snacks, checking water bottles) to increase engagement and     self-confidence. ¹
    • Discuss and practice safety drills, ensuring children     know where to go and who to contact if separated from the group. ¹
    • Use visual schedules or social stories to preview the     activity and reduce anxiety. 10, 11, 12
    • Provide predictable routines, such as regular breaks     and consistent snack times.10
    • Bring fidget toys or sensory tools to help with     self-regulation during transitions.13
    • Use positive reinforcement (e.g., praise, tokens, small     rewards) to encourage participation.11
    • Encourage independence while providing necessary     support - this may include one-on-one support if needed.14
    • Use clear and simple language when giving instructions to     ensure the child understands and is able to follow safety instructions.14
    Practical Considerations

    Shoes and Clothing for Children with ASD

    • Use soft, seamless socks to reduce irritation.
    • Choose shoes with a wide toe area, good ankle support,     flexible soles, and easy fasteners.
    • Look for light, breathable and quick drying fabrics
    • Avoid seams, tags, or rough textures.
    • Choose adjustable clothing (e.g., Velcro closures).
    • Use layered clothing for temperature regulation.
    • Discuss preferences and sensitivities with the child or     caregiver.

    FoodConsiderations

    • Identify food allergies or dietary restrictions.
    • Take into account preferred textures and flavors.
    • Maintain a structured meal schedule.
    • Offer comfort foods and involve children in meal prep     if they are willing.
    • Create calm eating environments and promote inclusion.14

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    Additional Resources

    City of Kelowna – Adaptive Recreation Programs

    City of Kelowna – Adaptive Recreation Programs The City of Kelowna offers a variety of adaptive programs for individuals of all abilities. These include accessible cycling, swimming, and fitness opportunities, as well as an Access Pass for discounted access to programs and facilities.

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    Canucks Autism Network

    Canucks Autism Network – Outdoor Active Program The Outdoor Active Program by the Canucks Autism Network offers inclusive outdoor activities such as hiking, biking, and paddling for autistic youth aged13 and up. Delivered in partnership with CRIS Adaptive Adventures, this program encourages physical activity and social connection in nature.

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    iCan Bike – Kelowna:

    iCan Bike is a program offered through iCan Shine that teaches individuals with disabilities how to ride a conventional two-wheel bicycle using adapted equipment, trained professionals, and volunteers. The program typically runs in Kelowna during summer in collaboration with local organizations. For more information visit

    https://icanshine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/iCan-Bike.png

    References

    [1] Footnote One. (2012). Diam volutpat commodo sed egestas egestas fringilla phasellus faucibus scelerisque. Vel eros donec ac odio tempor orci dapibus ultrices. www.onlineautism.ca/reference-sample-link

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    [2] Footnote Two. (2022). In fermentum et sollicitudin ac. In fermentum nec tincidunt praesent semper. www.onlineautism.ca/reference-sample-link-two

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    [3] Footnote Three. (1997). Morbi senectus et fermentum. Tortor ornare suspendisse. Vel eros donec ac odio tempor orci dapibus ultrices. www.onlineautism.ca/reference-sample-link-three

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